Week 1 Seminar
Hybrid organisations
A direct result of rapid societal changes, new organisational
regimes emerged to meet multifaceted needs of contemporary management settings,
both public and private. Among these, hybrid organisational forms are essential
in part because they are well equipped to address the persistent lapses
experienced in bureaucratic and markets driven forms of organisation.
Structurally, hybrids are characterised by functions crossing the public,
private, and voluntary sectoral boundaries.
While some believe hybrids are nothing new and that they are
mere modification of existing traditional forms of organisation, others argue
to the contrary and suggest that they offer a new kind of utility. Given these
differing perspectives, it would be interesting to critically analyse hybrid
forms of organisations that cross both structural and functional boundaries and
traditional forms of organisation.
For this week’s Seminar:
Consider organisations operating as “cross boundaries” hybrids.
As you review the characteristics of hybrid and other modes of
organisations, consider the rationale for these organisational structures.
Reflect on how the modes of governance have come to co-exist
within the chosen ‘hybrids’.
Also consider whether a ‘pure’ organisational form is possible
in those particular contexts and if an organisation would derive strength from
such an organisational form.
To prepare for this Seminar:
Review this week’s Learning Resources with a focus on modes of
organisation.
Research at least one organisation that leverages a hybrid form
of organisation and one organisation that leverages traditional forms of
organisation. These may be organisations for which you work or ones with which
you are familiar.
Identify the challenges, opportunities and benefits that are
linked with hybrid as well as traditional forms of organisation.
To complete this Seminar:
Initial Response
By Saturday (Day 3), in a response of approximately 300-500
words, address the following issues/questions:
·
Analyse how your researched
organisation reflects a hybrid mode or form and how this enables it to work
across boundaries.
·
Include your thoughts about
management challenges posed by hybrid organisations in general.
Fully justify all your assumptions and claims using your own
experience, the Learning Resources or your own research. Cite your work using
the Harvard Liverpool Referencing System.
Collaboration
By Wednesday (Day 7), post three to five responses to your
colleagues by:
Comparing your views on the nature of hybridity and management
challenges in hybrid organisations
Offering constructive comments on your colleagues’ posts
Offering contributions based upon your prior experience
Extending the discussion into new but relevant areas
Modelling or promoting critical reflection from what you have
read
Ensure that you spread your Collaboration posts across at least
3 separate days of each week. This will help maximise the value of your
collaboration with colleagues and serve to meet the learning objectives for
each activity
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Week 2 Seminar
Transparency
In the past two modules, you have explored the maltreatment of
patients at the Mid Staffordshire Hospital. Exposed by bereaved family members,
one of the predominant questions has been whether this entire disaster could
have been avoided. Moreover, with many of the hospital staff being aware of the
issues, why did no one speak up?
Many organisations today at least attempt to follow practices in
transparency. This means that they disclose a minimum amount of information to
any parties involved (in the case of Mid Staffordshire, this would be patients
and immediate family). The idea is to provide affected parties, be they
patients or staff in this case, the necessary information they need to make
effective decisions and ensure that no hidden agendas exist. Clearly, such
transparency requirements did not exist for Mid Staffordshire, but would it
have made any difference, if they existed? Today, there is an increasing
acceptance and use of social media in work contexts; would the use of these
media have impacted differently on the Mid Staffordshire situation?
In this week’s materials, you are asked to analyse the degree to
which the Mid Staffordshire Hospital crisis would have emerged -- or might have
been avoided entirely -- had there been more exposure via social media. Indeed,
the Seminar raises the question of how governments, private companies and NGOs --
to name but a few organisations -- can emplace technological architecture so
that communities, local and national news media, and in the case of Mid
Staffordshire, the patient families, would have had greater notice in terms of
what was happening during a time of upheaval, neglect and malfeasance.
Through your Seminar this week you will analyse whether greater
organisational transparency or the influences of social media would have
affected the outcomes (if the incident was to occur today). Please note that
this marks the start of your first two-week Seminar. Moreover, this week, you
will complete your first submission for your Personal Development Portfolio
(PDP), in which you will evaluate social media as a tool for research.
For this Seminar, consider these questions and reflect on how
organisations could use social media in ways helpful to achieving better
accountability behaviours and governance outcomes as in the case of Mid
Staffordshire.
To prepare for this Seminar:
Review this week’s Learning Resources with a focus on
transparency in organisations.
Review the Francis Report (2013), including the executive
summary, in this week’s Learning Resources.
Research and identify examples of transparency impact on
organisational behaviour.
Consider how transparency and social media might have affected
the hospital staff, patients and patients’ families at Mid Staffordshire.
Reflect on who else, external to the organisation, may have
known about the problems in Mid Staffordshire and why they may have chosen not to
bring issues to light.
To complete this Seminar:
Initial Response
By Sunday (Day 4), in a response of approximately 300-500
words, address the following issues/questions:
·
What might explain the issues at Mid
Staffordshire not having been brought to light by external organisations
working with the Trust?
·
Consider whether transparency
requirements could have changed behaviour and averted the tragic outcomes.
Provide at least one example to support your analysis.
Based on your analysis, explain how you think social media might
have affected hospital staff, patients, and patients’ families. Be sure to
justify your reasoning.
Collaboration
By Wednesday (Day 7), post three to five responses to your
colleagues’ post in which you:
Analyse the impact of transparency on an organisation’s
behaviour. Provide one or more examples to support your analysis.
Review your colleagues’ posts and respond to several of them.
For each of their examples, provide your analysis of whether social media would
have made a difference, or not.
Ensure that you spread your Collaboration posts across at least
3 separate days of each week. This will help maximise the value of your
Collaboration with colleagues and serve to meet the learning objectives for
each activity.
This week, you will be graded only on your initial response to
the Seminar questions and receive a formative evaluation of your Collaboration
responses. Next week, you will be graded on your Collaboration responses for
both Weeks 2 and 3 as well as your synthesis of the Seminar topic.
Submit your initial response to the Turnitin link provided and
post to the Seminar Forum.
Next week, you will continue this Seminar by examining the Mid
Stafford Hospital incident in the context of conflicting Hippocratic
responsibilities and budgetary demands.
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Week 2 Personal Development Portfolio
Social media
Social media has become a ubiquitous tool for organisations
around the globe. Connecting billions of users worldwide, social media
platforms have informed individuals in a manner unlike any previous generation.
Opinions, new perspectives, emerging research, political agendas and more are now
attainable without borders, granting users access to knowledge and news from
Korea to South Africa; from Brazil to Canada. It provides a tool for marketing
products, an engine for international communication or even a forum for debates
and accountability. However, for all social media’s benefits, it does not come
without drawbacks.
While social media can be a source for important insights, it is
also susceptible to skewed opinions and digital forms of social engineering
(Merrill et al,, 2011). While it can bolster organisational trust by offering
transparency, social media can also become a liability. Understanding both the
benefits and dangers of social media is crucial to its effective usage. As
such, for your first Personal Development Portfolio (PDP) submission, you are
to reflect upon these opposing issues as they apply to researching a public
sector organisation or NGO of interest to you. Take note that this will tie
into your Module Project, so you should utilise the same organisation that you
will use for that project.
Reminder: Your first deliverable for the Module Project
will be assigned next week.
Reference:
Merrill, T., Latham, K., Santalesa, R., & Navetta, D.
(2011) Social media: the business benefits may be enormous, but can the
risks – reputational, legal, operational – be mitigated? [Online]. ACE
Group. Available from http://www.acegroup.com/us-en/assets/ace-progress-report-social-media.pdf (Accessed 13 November 2015).
To prepare for this Assignment:
Select a cross-boundary public sector organisation or NGO of
interest to you. This may be an organisation you work for or one with which you
are familiar.
Identify the benefits and challenges of social media as a
research tool in general.
Identify different social media platforms that may be viable
tools for researching your chosen organisation.
Reflect on the value and efficacy of social media as a research
tool for your selected organisation and consider any insights it could provide.
Reflect on the value of social media in facilitating
organisational transparency.
To complete this Assignment:
By Wednesday (Day 7), submit a response of approximately
500 words that addresses the following questions:
·
Briefly describe your selected
organisation and explain how social medial impacts its organisational
transparency.
·
Explain the benefits and challenges
of using social media as a research tool for your selected organisation.
·
Based on your explanations, evaluate
the efficacy of social media as a research tool for your selected topic.
·
Explain what insights, if any,
social media could provide for researching your selected organisation.
·
Explain which, if any, social media
platforms would be the most viable tools for your research. Be sure to justify
your reasoning.
This Assignment is not graded, but you will receive feedback
from your Instructor to help you improve your work. Please take advantage of
this opportunity to learn from your Instructor's feedback. Give the Assignment
your full effort and ask for clarification on any feedback you do not
understand.
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Week 3 Seminar
Professional boundaries
All the stakeholders at the Mid Staffordshire Hospital represent
one or another profession, and they are bound by their various professional
codes of conduct. In the midst of the scandal, an infinite number of questions
remain to be answered. For instance why was medical integrity not protected
from management? Why did these standards not stop poor performance? And how did
nurses and doctors, each with their own professional identities, help or hinder
exposure? What of questions of power in the relationships? How did the
self-governing aspect of these professional bodies not work? Why did nobody
challenge the instances of poor performance of other members of their
profession? What did other outside agencies/professionals know of the problems?
In this week’s seminar, you will continue to consider the Mid
Staffordshire tragedy as you analyse the professional boundaries and authority
associated with the hospital and how this impacted the upholding of
professional responsibilities. Additionally, you will submit the first
deliverable for your Module Project. In this submission, you will examine the
boundaries within the organisation you selected for last week’s PDP assignment
and evaluate the degree in which said boundaries affect professional and
ethical conduct.
For this week’s seminar:
Consider how Stafford’s medical professionals subverted their
Hippocratic responsibilities for their patients in order to adhere to budgetary
demands.
Think about how their actions violated ethical codes of conduct
in order to support financial goals.
In your view, is professional authority fading?
Are professional boundaries becoming weaker? Consider the
ethical and professional codes of conduct that traditionally informed these
occupations.
To prepare for this Seminar:
Review this week’s Learning Resources with a focus on ethical
responsibilities in the medical field.
Review the Francis (2013) report in this week’s Learning
Resources.
Review your Week 2 Seminar as necessary.
Reflect on the degree in which Mid Staffordshire’s medical
professionals upheld their Hippocratic responsibilities.
Reflect on the impact budgetary demands had upholding these
Hippocratic responsibilities and whether a weakening of professional authority
and/or professional boundaries played a role.
Identify the ethical and professional codes of conduct that
traditionally informed medical occupations at the time of the Mid Staffordshire
incident and those within the nation in which you reside today.
To complete this Seminar:
Collaboration, continued
Until Monday (Day 5), for this Collaborative activity,
analyse the impact of professional boundaries in your organisation by posting
three to five responses to your colleagues considering the following points in
your discussion:
Describe whether cross-boundary organisations contribute to
stronger or weaker professional conduct
Review your colleagues’ posts and respond to several who offer a
perspective that differs from your own. Provide an example that either
challenges or corroborates their arguments.
Ensure that you spread your Seminar posts across at least three
separate days of each week. This will help maximise the value of your
collaboration with classmates and serve to meet the learning objectives for
each activity.
Individual
Synthesis
By Wednesday (Day 7), post a final summary of approximately
250 words of what you have learned from this activity, including any shifts in
your understanding relating to the impact of transparency, social media,
profession authority and boundaries on employee practices. Incorporate examples
from the Learning Resources, your own research and/or your own experience to
support your work.
Submit your summary to the Turnitin link and post to the Seminar
Forum.
Module Project
Required
Organisational and professional boundaries
Over the course of the last 3 weeks, you may have noticed what
constitutes an organisational boundary is heavily dependent upon the
perspective of the person defining it. In the most literal sense, such
boundaries may be the division of departments and subsidiaries within an
organisation, each of which manage their own specialities. Conversely, other
boundaries -- such as the professional boundaries explored in this week’s
Seminar -- may be more intangible and implicit. Regardless of their nature,
organisational boundaries always have an impact on an organisation and its
members.
For this first deliverable of your Module Project, you will
select a public service and reflect on the organisational and professional
boundaries which it entails. How do boundaries affect professional and ethical
codes of practice? Consider whether professions are weakened or enhanced – or
perhaps both.
To prepare for this Assignment:
Review this week’s Learning Resources with a focus on effects of
organisational boundaries on professional and ethical codes of practice.
Research the cross-boundary public service you selected in the
Week 2 PDP submission.
Identify the boundaries within your service. These may be
international boundaries, organisational boundaries, professional boundaries or
any other boundary that is significant.
Reflect on how these boundaries affect the professional and
ethical codes of practice within your selected service.
Reflect on whether professions within your service are weakened,
enhanced or both.
Review the Week 1 Module Project preview and look ahead to the
upcoming deliverables in Week 5 and Week 8.
Identify 3-5 scholarly resources that you will use to inform
your work throughout the Module Project.
To complete this Assignment:
By Wednesday (Day 7), submit a
brief (approximately 500 words) paper in which you address the following:
Briefly describe your selected cross-boundary service.
Explain what boundaries exist within your selected public
service.
Analyse how your identified boundaries affect professional and
ethical codes of practice within that service.
Based on your analysis, evaluate the degree in which professions
involved in the service are weakened, enhanced or both.
Fully justify all your assumptions and claims using your own
experience, the Learning Resources or your own research. Cite your work using
the Harvard Liverpool Referencing System.
Module Project Outline
In addition to your paper, complete a one-page outline for the
entirety of your Module Project. Include key details regarding your selected
cross-boundary service and 3-5 scholarly resources that you will use to inform
your work. Cite your resources using the Harvard Liverpool Referencing System.
Include your outline in the same Word document as your paper.
This Assignment should be prepared and submitted to Turnitin
using the Word (.doc or .docx) format no later than midnight your local time.
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Week 4 Seminar
Agency
While NASA has historically been a global leader in space
exploration as well as aeronautical and aerospace research, that position has
not come without its drawbacks. Due to the scope of what NASA attempts to
accomplish, the organisation has developed complex supply chains that consist
of any number of specialist, third party vendors and contractors. This
illustrates well the double-edge that comes associated with organisational
complexity. While complexity can allow for more robust capabilities, it also
incubates greater opportunities for mistakes and oversights. Considering this,
and with so much oversight having occurred in the Challenger incident, one has
to ask: How much did organisational complexity contribute to Challenger’s
failure? Would simplicity have encouraged greater accountability and responsibility?
And how did complexity affect the individual’s sense of agency and
responsibility? In this next 2-week Seminar, consider these questions as you
analyse the relationships between organisational complexity and individual
agency. Moreover, take a position on whether you think complex organisations
are capable of producing quality decisions.
For your Seminar this week, you will analyse this complexity as
it impacts individual agency, accountability and decision making. You will also
complete your second deliverable for your PDP in which you will analyse your
own personal network as it pertains to your professional development.
To prepare for this Seminar:
Review this week’s Learning Resources with a focus on
organisational complexity and individual agency.
Review your earlier discussions of the case and identify the
strengths and weaknesses of organisational complexity.
Reflect on the relationship(s) between organisational
complexity, individual agency and decision-making.
To complete this Seminar:
Initial Response
By Sunday (Day 4), in a response of approximately 300-500
words, address the following issues/questions:
·
Analyse how organisational
complexity and individual agency interrelate.
·
Based on your analysis and perceived
strengths and weaknesses of organisational complexity, evaluate the degree in
which organisational complexity leads to failure. Use examples from the
Challenger disaster and/or your own research to support your evaluation.
·
Explain whether you think complex
organisations are capable of producing quality decisions. Justify your opinions
with specific examples from your research.
Collaboration
By Wednesday (Day 7), post three to five responses to your
colleagues by:
Supporting or refuting your colleagues’ position on whether
organisational simplicity would have encouraged greater agency and
responsibility in the Challenger case.
Comparing perspectives on whether complex organisations are
capable of producing quality decisions.
Offering contributions based upon your prior experience.
Extending the discussion into new but relevant areas.
Modelling or promoting critical reflection from what you have
read.
Ensure that you spread your Collaboration posts across at least
3 separate days of each week. This will help maximise the value of your
Collaboration with colleagues and serve to meet the learning objectives for
each activity.
This week, you will be graded only on your initial response to
the Seminar questions and receive a formative evaluation of your Collaboration
responses. Next week, you will be graded on your Collaboration responses for
Weeks 4 and 5, as well as your synthesis of the Seminar topic.
Submit your initial response to the Turnitin link provided and
post to the Seminar Forum.
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Week 4 Personal Development Portfolio
Personal networks
A great deal of one’s success is often attributed to the ability
to network with other people. In this sense, cultivating your career is just as
much about fostering your personal networks as it is building your tangible
skills. Social media has made this much easier, though we may question the
strength of some of the ties we develop through social media.
For this Assignment, take a moment to reflect upon your own
networks, both online and offline. With whom are you connected? How strong are
these connections? In what networks do they circulate? Do you have network
connections with key influencers? Answering these questions will clarify the
strengths and weaknesses of your personal network and give you a better idea of
what you need to do to improve it. As such, for this next PDP submission, your
task is to analyse your personal network and develop a network map that
represents it. Using this map, you are to identify the areas of your network
that require further development in order to grow your professional career. You
will also identify whether your networks pose any challenges or limits to your
individual decision-making.
To prepare for this Assignment:
Review your personal network(s) and identify those that are
online, offline or both.
Reflect on your professional development goals and how your
personal network(s) contribute to reaching these goals.
Identify the strengths in your network that provide
opportunities for professional development and reaching your professional
goals.
Identify which networks are most crucial to your professional
development.
Identify the weaknesses in your personal network. This might
include a lack of industry connections, minimal network diversity, networks
unrelated to your professional development, connections with individuals with
limited profiles on social media sites (e.g., LinkedIn) and so forth.
Identify any challenges these networks raise in your individual
decision-making processes.
Research and choose from available network map templates; choose
one which is adequate for documenting your personal network(s).
To complete this Assignment:
By Wednesday (Day 7), submit a response of approximately 500 words that addresses the
following questions:
·
Develop a network map that
illustrates your personal network(s).
·
Explain your network and include
details on who you know, their relevance to your professional development, and
whether you are connected through online, offline or hybrid means.
·
Evaluate the effectiveness of your
personal network in terms of fostering your professional development and
meeting your professional goals.
·
In your evaluation, explain which
networks and connections are crucial to your professional development as well
as the areas you need to develop further.
·
Identify which networks may pose any
limits to your decision making.
This Assignment should be prepared and submitted to Turnitin
using the Word (.doc or .docx) format no later than midnight your local time.
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Week 5 Seminar
Self-correcting networks
There is evidence that points at the potential strengths of
networks. Given that there is little prospect of an organisation like NASA
taking on all aspects of the supply chain for a major space mission, how might
those benefits of networks be brought more to the fore? What changes could have
been made to the decision hierarchy to ensure that mistakes did not happen and
that all crucial information – from any employee – could have been heard and
acted upon? As you continue your Seminar discussions from last week, consider
questions such as this and also how the NASA networks could have been designed
to promote self-correction.
To prepare for this Seminar:
Review this week’s Learning Resources with a focus on
self-correcting network structures and decision hierarchies.
Review your Week 4 Seminar and Challenger case studies as
necessary.
Identify obstructions within the NASA organisational structure
that impeded critical information.
Reflect on potential changes to NASA’s decision hierarchy that
could have ensured crucial information from employees was heard and acted upon.
Reflect on network structure designs that promote collaboration
and self-correction.
To complete this Seminar:
Collaboration, continued
Until Monday (Day 5), post three to five responses to your colleagues considering the
following points in your discussion:
·
How obstructions within NASA’s
organisational structure impeded critical information and decision making.
·
Improvements to NASA’s decision
hierarchy with explanations on how your suggestions ensure critical information
is always heard and able to be acted upon.
·
Changes that would promote
collaboration and self-correction within the network structure and explanations
on why these changes are viable.
Ensure that you spread your Seminar
posts across at least three separate days of each week. This will help maximise
the value of your Collaboration with classmates and serve to meet the learning
objectives for each activity.
Individual Synthesis
By Wednesday (Day 7), post a final summary of approximately 250 words of what you have
learned from this activity, including any shifts in your understanding relating
to organisational complexity, networks, collaboration, and decision making.
Incorporate examples from the Learning Resources, your own research and/or your
own experience to support your work.
Submit your summary to the Turnitin link and post to the Seminar
Forum.
Module Project
Required
Collaborative structures
In both the public and private sectors, organisational
collaborations and partnerships may last only a short while (e.g. when an
organisation seeks a partner to help it expand into another region), or they
may continue long-term, in some cases becoming permanent, integrated
structures. In all cases, the desired goal for these alliances is mutual
benefit, creating what is known as collaborative advantage. For all of
collaboration’s benefits, it also poses risks and challenges.
Despite the risks, if partnerships are developed properly, the
collaborative advantages can outweigh the challenges. The question is how to
maximise the benefits while mitigating risks and overcoming challenges. With
these thoughts in mind, for this next Module Project deliverable, you are to
analyse the hybrid or network structure of the public service you examined in
the previous Module Project submission. Evaluate its capability to foster
collaborative advantage and compare this ability to a non-collaborative
structure, either within the same organisation or with another. As you do so,
consider stakeholders and challenges relevant to developing collaborative
advantage.
To prepare for this Assignment:
Review this week’s Learning Resources with a focus on generating
collaborative advantage within an organisation or network.
Review the public service you examined in your last Module
Project submission, focusing on its structure (e.g. hybrid or network
structure).
Identify the organisations involved in delivering (and perhaps
designing) the service and consider the goals of these organisations, their
incentives to collaborate with each other, as well as with any outside
organisations.
Identify relevant stakeholders and likely challenges to
implementing effective collaboration with outside organisations.
To complete this Assignment:
By Wednesday (Day 7), submit a
(approximately 1,500 words) paper in which you address the following:
·
For the service you have chosen,
analyse whether its hybrid or network structure provides the organisations
involved with collaborative advantages. Explain the basis of your evaluation.
·
Compare your structure’s capability
to realise collaborative advantage with that of a non-collaborative structure.
·
Propose a strategy for fostering
collaborative partnerships with outside organisations. In your proposal,
address the following:
·
Describe key stakeholders in these
partnerships and their relevance.
·
Explain why you selected your
outside organisations as prospective collaborative partners and how these
partnerships will aid in reaching your organisation’s goals.
·
Explain the likely challenges you
may encounter when implementing your pathway to collaboration and how to
overcome them.
Fully justify all your assumptions and claims using your own
experience, the Learning Resources or your own research. Cite your work using
the Harvard Liverpool Referencing System.
This Assignment should be prepared and submitted to Turnitin
using the Word (.doc or .docx) format no later than midnight your local time.
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Week 6 Seminar
Sources of authority
There are two predominant types of authority in organisations:
formal authority and informal authority. The former refers primarily to power
granted through appointment (e.g., your position in an organisation), while the
latter refers to the influence an individual has as a result of his or her
relationships with others. Understanding the lines and sources of such
authority is key when it comes to maintaining authoritative boundaries and not
understepping or overstepping them. If boundaries are respected, the potential
capacity of an organisation (or organisations, if that is the case) is
drastically improved. The contrary, however, is illustrated well by the 2010
Haiti earthquake relief efforts.
The disaster resulted in approximately 220,000 deaths and
300,000 injured (Department for International Development, 2011). This
humanitarian catastrophe led to a massive response from the international
community, but as more organisations lent aid, several gave little mind to
analysing the capacity of the local Haitian stakeholders and government, often
completely ignoring their already established plans for recovery.
The way international organisations, including NGOs, operated in
Haiti leaves more questions than answers. For instance, where does authority
lie in a complex disaster recovery situation? How are critical decisions
regarding the recovery made, and by whom; is it formal (international agencies,
donors, NGOs), local (government), or informal (community leaders, local
charities). How are these forms in conflict or complementary? How might they
combine effectively? Considering this, for your next 2-week Seminar, you are to
analyse the sources of authority in the organisations that provided relief in
Haiti and how they interacted with Haitian local authorities.
References:
Department for International Development (2011) Haiti
earthquake response: emerging evaluation lessons [Online]. ALNAP.
Available from http://www.alnap.org/resource/6125.aspx (Accessed: 13 November 2015).
Coles, J., Zhuang, J. & Yates, L. (2012) ‘Case study in
disaster relief: a descriptive analysis of agency partnerships in the aftermath
of the January 12th, 2010 Haitian erathquake’, Socio-Economic Planning
Sciences, 46 (1), pp. 67-77.
To prepare for this Seminar:
Review this week’s Learning Resources with a focus on sources of
formal and informal authority.
Identify where authority lies in the context of a major
disaster, and how does failing to recognise and work with authority cause
problems?
Reflect on how your identified sources of authority played a
role in cultivating these inefficiencies.
To complete this Seminar:
Initial Response
By Sunday (Day 4), in a response of approximately 300-500
words, address the following issues/questions:
Briefly summarise your selected Haiti recovery organisation and
how it contributed the earthquake relief efforts.
Compare your identified sources of formal and informal authority
and explain how that authority was distributed and played a role in decision
making.
Analyse the sources of authority within your organisation and
how these synergised or conflicted with Haiti’s local authority.
Drawing on your own experience, from the Learning Resources, or
your own research, fully justify all your assumptions and claims. Cite your
work using the Harvard Liverpool Referencing System.
Collaboration
By Wednesday (Day 7), post three to five responses to your
colleagues by:
Proposing, and explaining, improvements to your colleagues’
selected organisation’s relief efforts
Offering constructive comments on your colleagues’ perspectives.
Offering contributions based upon your prior experience.
Extending the discussion into new but relevant areas.
Modelling or promoting critical reflection from what you have
read.
Ensure that you spread your Collaboration posts across at least
3 separate days of each week. This will help maximise the value of your
Collaboration with colleagues and serve to meet the learning objectives for
each activity.
This week, you will be graded only on your initial response to
the Seminar questions and receive a formative evaluation of your Collaboration
responses. Next week, you will be graded on your Collaboration responses for
Weeks 6 and 7, as well as your synthesis of the Seminar topic.
Submit your initial response to the Turnitin link provided and
post to the Seminar Forum.
Next week, you will continue this Seminar by examining the
complexity and ambiguity of the problems facing organisations involved in
responding to the 2010 Haiti earthquake.
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Week 7 Seminar
Wickedness
Consider the roles played out in the relief efforts in Haiti and
identify the range of relief agencies, including professional bodies, local,
national and international agencies involved and the complex challenges they
encounter in this case. You examined issues of authority and power in the previous
week. This week’s Discussion around wicked social problems links back to that,
but you may be further interested in interrogating how problems are defined
differently from different perspectives – agency, professional, local,
national, international etc.
There is no doubt that the wicked challenge of disaster relief
during and after the 2010 Haiti earthquake required a robust network of
collaborators with a shared vision and agreed purpose and approaches. However,
as you have discussed in previous weeks, the relief effort was fraught with
many challenges. The international community, as well as local and national
authorities, were left wondering about the issues concerning each of them
separately, resulting in chaotic scenes of blurred responsibility, uncoordinated
efforts, limited information flow and communication gaps. Whereas proponents
for the network approach, argue for collaboration (Head, 2008), the disaster
recovery process in Haiti suggests serious difficulties in doing that.
A question lingers on: how can alternative sources of authority,
legitimacy and power be mobilized to address complex and wicked challenges,
which is disaster relief? How did different authorities perceive/construct the
problem, and what solution does that drive?
Reference:
Head, B.W. (2008) ‘Wicked problems in public policy’, Public Policy, 3 (2), pp. 101-118.
To prepare for this Seminar:
Review this week’s Learning Resources with a focus on
wickedness.
Review the developmental project case study for the 2010 Haiti
earthquake relief.
Consider the relationship between competition and collaboration
and consider whether this case presents evidence of wickedness.
Reflect on whether competition in your identified projects led
to a competitive advantage.
To complete this Seminar:
Collaboration, continued
Until Monday (Day 5), post three to five responses to your colleagues considering the
following points in your discussion:
Which developmental project(s) in the 2010 Haiti earthquake
recovery efforts exhibited evidence of ’wickedness’ and which factors
contributed to that?
The relationships between competition and collaboration and how
this influenced wickedness.
Whether competition, in your example of developmental
project(s), created a competitive advantage.
Cite specific examples of evidence for wickedness using the
Harvard Liverpool Referencing System in all response posts.
Ensure that you spread your Seminar
posts across at least three separate days of each week. This will help maximise
the value of your Collaboration with classmates and serve to meet the learning
objectives for each activity.
Individual Synthesis
By Wednesday (Day 7), post a final summary of approximately 250 words of what you have
learned from this activity, including any shifts in your understanding relating
to sources of authority and wickedness. Incorporate examples from the Learning
Resources, your own research and/or your own experience to support your work.
Submit your summary to the Turnitin link provided and post to
the Seminar Forum.
Week 7 Personal Development Portfolio
Network trends
For this final PDP submission, you will explore the network
trends in today’s public, non-governmental, and/or voluntary sectors and
consider how these trends will manifest themselves in your career. Do you have
the skills the future may require? Can you cope with the environment and
demands of complex, networked organisations? Address these questions as you
complete your PDP deliverable. Also, remember that because this is your final
PDP Assignment, you must also include your submissions for Week 2 and Week 4 in
the same document. You are welcome to make updates to these sections as you see
fit.
To prepare for this Assignment:
Research current network trends amongst networked organisations
within the sector in which you work, or aim to work (public, non-governmental,
or voluntary).
Reflect how these trends may impact the future of your sector,
organisation and career.
Identify the skills you may require as a result of these
changes.
Reflect on your level of preparedness for coping with these changes,
both in terms of acquiring new skills and how you will operate in a new and
changing work environment.
Review your prior PDP submissions as necessary.
To complete this Assignment:
By Wednesday (Day 7), submit an approximately 1,250-1,500-word response that addresses
the following questions:
Analyse current network trends within the sector for which you
work or aim to work, and how this might impact your sector, organisation and
career.
·
In your analysis, describe the
network trends you feel are most important and explain why.
·
Explain whether you feel equipped
and empowered to cope with the impact your analysed network trends may have on
your career.
·
Describe how you see yourself
operating within your career field in the future and explain the skill requirements
you will need.
·
Explain how you will meet these new
skill demands.
Incorporate and update, as necessary, your Week 2 and Week 4 PDP
submissions into the same Word document as this PDP entry. This new entry
should be approximately 500 words, while the full PDP should be 1,250-1,500
words.
This Assignment should be prepared and submitted to Turnitin
using the Word (.doc or .docx) format no later than midnight your local time.
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Week 8 Seminar
Overcoming challenges and seizing opportunities
Over the course of the last several weeks, you have viewed organisations
through the lens of mitigating the risks posed by uncertainty, complexity and
wickedness. Organisational structures and practices can be designed to mitigate
such risks, and can be leveraged to meet new challenges or take advantage of
potential opportunities. Doing so, however, requires the stewardship of
effective leaders that can adapt to an ever-changing policy landscape. With
this in mind, how does one develop the most effective leadership strategies for
addressing such a challenge or opportunity? For this final Seminar, consider an
organisational challenge or opportunity you or your organisation has faced or
may face in the future. With what you have learned throughout this module, what
types of leadership would be most effective to address this challenge or
opportunity?
Through your Seminar this week, you will analyse leadership
characteristics while examining the challenges and opportunities presented by
cross-boundary organisations. Additionally, you will submit your final Module
Project, in which you will evaluate the operational effectiveness of the
organisation you researched in prior Module Project submissions, and
incorporating your Week 3 and Week 5 Module Project deliverables.
To prepare for this Seminar:
Review this week’s Learning Resources with a focus on leadership
in cross-boundary organisations.
Select an organisational challenge or opportunity of interest to
you. This may be a challenge or opportunity faced by an organisation you work
for, or one that your organisation may face in the future.
Reflect on the leadership traits, skills and abilities necessary
to meet your identified challenge or capitalise on your identified opportunity.
To complete this Seminar:
Initial Response
By Saturday (Day 3), in a response of approximately 300-500 words, address the
following issues/questions:
·
Briefly summarise your selected
organisational challenge or opportunity.
·
Analyse the leadership qualities
that are likely to be effective in addressing your challenge or taking
advantage of your opportunity in a cross-boundary organisation and explain why
these qualities are necessary.
·
Also describe the leadership
qualities that are likely to succeed in a boundary-spanning organisation.
Fully justify all your assumptions and claims using your own
experience, the Learning Resources or your own research. Cite your work using
the Harvard Liverpool Referencing System.
This week, you will receive a
formative evaluation of your Initial Response to the Seminar questions and you
will be graded only on your Collaboration responses.
Collaboration
By Wednesday (Day 7), post three to five responses to your colleagues by:
Proposing additional leadership qualities necessary for leading
in cross-boundary organisations, and comparing your perspectives on leadership
in these contexts
Offering constructive comments on your colleague’s posts
Offering contributions based upon your prior experience
Extending the discussion into new but relevant areas
Modelling or promoting critical reflection from what you have
read
Ensure that you spread your
Collaboration posts across at least 3 separate days of each week. This will
help maximise the value of your Collaboration with colleagues and serve to meet
the learning objectives for each activity.
Module Project
Required
Crossing boundaries
Information and communication technologies have made the planet
a very small place. Cultures, peoples, work practices and more intermingle on a
global stage as easily as they would the same city. This globalisation is not
likely to disappear either, thus the boundaries separating organisations
worldwide have subsequently become thinner and their thresholds easier to
cross. Despite this growing ease, being able to effectively manage teams and
organisations across boundaries requires a new breed of leader; one that can
diplomatically and effectively operate within a space full of cultural nuances
and sensitivities. This means that the demand for cross-boundary leaders will
only continue to grow. For this final Module Project submission, your focus
centres upon the elements of leadership necessary to manage organisations with
cross-boundary operations. Furthermore, you must analyse these leadership
traits as they apply to improving the operational effectiveness of the organisation
you have worked with in the prior two Module Project assignments.
To prepare for this Assignment:
Review this week’s Learning Resources with a focus on leadership
in cross-boundary organisations.
Review your previous Module Project submissions and your Week 2
PDP submission.
Reflect on the operational effectiveness of the cross-boundary
organisation you have researched in previous Module Project submissions.
Identify the leadership qualities required to manage
organisations with cross-boundary operations.
To complete this Assignment:
By Wednesday (Day 7), submit a 5,000-word paper in which you address the
following:
With respect to the boundaries you identified in the Week 3
Module Project submission, evaluate the operational effectiveness of your
cross-boundary organisation and explain the basis for your evaluation.
Explain what steps you would take to improve your organisation’s
operational effectiveness and the leadership requirements necessary to oversee
these changes.
Evaluate the value of social media as a serious research tool
for this Module Project and explain under what conditions you found it to be
feasible and effective. If you did not find social media to be an effective
research tool, explain what conditions would have made it more feasible and
effective.
Fully justify all your assumptions and claims using your own
experience, the Learning Resources or your own research. Cite your work using
the Harvard Liverpool Referencing System.
Incorporate and update, as necessary, your Week 3 and Week 5
Module Project assignments into the same Word document as this Module Project
submission.
This Assignment should be prepared and submitted to Turnitin
using the Word (.doc or .docx) format no later than midnight your local time.
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